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General Australian saltmarshes generally consist of small herbs, grasses and low shrubs, with dominant species including Sporobolus, Sarcocornia, Suaeda, Juncus, Samolus and Triglochin. Saltmarshes are specialised to cope with infrequent inundation by tides and employ methods of salt avoidance, tolerance and excretion. They are typically low in floristic diversity and characteristically show a clear zonation from low to high elevations. Saltmarshes play a number of essential roles within the environment. They are an important feeding habitat for migratory birds; provide habitat for juvenile fishes; act as a buffering and filtering system for sediments and nutrients; and stabilise the substrate. Primary threats to saltmarsh include reclamation, degradation, weed invasion, insect control and sea level rise. The incursion of mangroves into saltmarsh areas has also contributed to the decline in the extent of saltmarsh in Australia. Protocol The Global Ocean Observing System Leagdsgaard, P. (2003). A guide to monitoring a created wetland
at Kooragang Island, NSW Department of Land and Water Conservation Sainty, G.R. and Jacobs, S.W.L. (1997). Hawkesbury-Nepean Saltmarsh Assessment, Hawkesbury-Nepean Catchment Management Trust. Costs No standard costs available Case studies UK Biodiversity Habitat Action Plan: Coastal Saltmarsh Generic databases Ozestuaries Database People Contacts Dr Pia Leagdsgaard Dr Kerrylee Rogers Dr Neil Saintilan Organisation Contacts FRC Environmental Advanced References Bibliography of papers and reports on saltmarsh Adam, P. (2002). Saltmarshes in a time of change, Environmental Conservation 29 (1) pp39-61. Saintilan, N. and Wilton, K. (2001). Changes in the distribution of mangroves and saltmarshes in Jervis Bay, Australia, Wetlands Ecology and Management 9 pp 409-420. Schmidt, K.S. and Skidmore, A.K. (2003). Spectral discrimination of vegetation types in a coastal wetland, Remote Sensing of Environment 85 (1) pp 92-108. Weis, J.S. and Weis, P. (2002). Contamination of saltmarsh sediments and biota by CCA treated wood walkways, Marine Pollution Bulletin 44 (6) pp 504-510. |
Internal Links Constructed Wetland Monitoring Desktop Monitoring Using Satellite Data Fish Monitoring for Water Quality Gross Pollutant Trap Monitoring |
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